James Milson - James Milson - Wikipedia

Pohlednice Milsons Point. Titulek zní: „Milson's Point - Pravděpodobně na počátku sedmdesátých let [70. léta 18. století]. Kirribilli na vzdálenějším pobřeží. Východní Road Wharf je vpředu. Alfred St vpravo, arkáda a hodiny jsou v dosahu [?] Vzdálenosti šířícího se stromu . “

James Milson
Milson (1785–1872) [1]
narozený	(1783-11-25)25. listopadu 1783 Grantham, Lincolnshire, Anglie
Zemřel	25. října 1872(1872-10-25) (ve věku 88) Milsons Point, Nový Jižní Wales, Nový Jížní Wales, Austrálie
Národnost	Angličtina
obsazení	Zemědělec
Známý jako	Milsons Point pojmenovaný po něm
Manžel (y)	Elizabeth Kilpack (1793–1850)
Děti	Sophia Milson (1811–1877) James Milson (1814–1903) David Milson (1817–1890) Elizabeth Milson (1819–1872) John Milson (1821–1891) Robert Milson (1824–1886)

James Milson (25. listopadu 1783-25. Října 1872)^[2] byl první osadník na severním pobřeží Sydney, Austrálie.

Narodil se 25. listopadu 1783 v Grantham, Lincolnshire, Anglie a zemřel ve věku 88 let dne 25. října 1872 v Milsons Point, Sydney, Nový Jižní Wales, Austrálie.

Přijel 23letý James Milson Port Jackson (Sydney) dál Albion dne 19. srpna 1806^[3] jako jeden z prvních svobodných osadníků v kolonii New South Wales. Jeho motivace k přistěhovalectví byla stejná jako u mnoha lidí, kteří ho následovali, příslib svobodné země. Byl rodák z Lincolnshire zkušený v zemědělství a byl uvítán kolonisty, zoufalými pro muže se zemědělskými znalostmi.^[1] Oženil se v roce 1810 a následně vychoval rodinu 6 dětí.^[4]

Milson si vedl dobře v kolonii Nového Jižního Walesu a založil řadu prosperujících podniků, mezi něž patřilo zásobování lodí štěrkem, čerstvou vodou a produkty jeho mléčných, ovocných sadů a zeleninových zahrad.

Podle jeho vlastních slov v letech před rokem 1825 Milson „převážně pobýval v okrese Parramatta“^[5] (konkrétněji v oblasti v okrese Parramatta, která se tehdy nazývala „Marsovo pole“)^{[poznámka 1][2][4][6]}).

Na počátku 20. let 20. století^[7] Milson se usadil v okrese Sydney v blízkosti dnešního Jeffrey Street Kirribilli, předměstí Sydney na severním pobřeží přístavu Sydney. Byl prominentním obyvatelem této oblasti po více než 50 let až do své smrti v roce 1872 doma v „Grathamu“ na moderním předměstí Milsons Point v tehdejší komunitě East St Leonards.^[8]

Milson a jeho synové a vnuci v této oblasti postavili několik domů: „Brisbane House“ (James Milson), „Grantham“ (James Milson), „Fern Lodge“ (James Milson), „Wia Wia“ (John Milson), „Elamang „(James Milson ml.),„ Coreena “(Alfred Milson, syn Jamese Milsona ml.) A„ Wayala “(Arthur Milson, syn Jamese Milsona ml.). Milsonův zeť William Shairp také postavil „Carabellu“.^[9] Fern Lodge (dědictví zapsáno)^[10] a Elamang (v areálu loretánského kláštera) ještě v roce 2008 stáli.^[4][11][12]

Milsons Point, ostroh do přístavu Sydney, na kterém stojí severní stožáry mostu Sydney Harbour Bridge, a předměstí na tomto ostrohu západně od Kirribilli, jsou pojmenovány po Jamesi Milsonovi.^[13] Po něm je také pojmenována vesnice pro odchod do důchodu v North Sydney, která zahrnuje dům s pečovatelskou službou.^[14]

Kromě toho Milson Island v řece Hawkesbury (dříve známý jako Mud Island, přejmenovaný v roce 1976), Milson Passage průchod v řece Hawkesbury mezi ostrovem Milson Island a jižním břehem (dříve známý jako South (ern) Channel nebo The Gutter, přejmenovaný v roce 1976), a Milson Passage předměstí na jižním břehu řeky Hawkesbury naproti Milson Island (dříve známé jako Prickly Point, přejmenované v roce 1995) jsou pojmenovány podle Milsonova syna Roberta Milsona (1824–1886).^[15]

Příjmení

V mnoha záznamech je příjmení Jamese Milsona zobrazeno jako „Milsom“. „Milsom“ bylo příjmení, kterým James podepsal dopisy,^[5] ve kterých bylo provedeno soudní řízení,^[16] a která se objevuje na časných mapách, jako je mapa 40. let^[17] je uvedeno níže. V době, kdy James zemřel v roce 1872, byl znám jako Milson,^[8] jméno, pod kterým je dnes znám se svou rodinou.

Rodinná tradice

Podle slov North Sydney Historical Society:

James Milson je kontroverzní osobností místní historie, která během svého života učinila mnoho nároků (většinou v pokusech o získání půdy), které buď nelze doložit, nebo byly v některých případech pozitivně vyvráceny^[7]

Existuje rodinná tradice Milson, která zahrnuje:

• (1) Jamesovi Milsonovi guvernér „slíbil“ celou zemi na severním pobřeží přístavu v Sydney mezi zálivem Hulk (Lavender) a zálivem Rainbow (Neutral) Philip Gidley King. Navzdory neustálému naléhání Milsonovy manželky netlačil na guvernéra o písemný grant.
  • James Milson však do Port Jackson dorazil až poté, co 12. srpna 1806 přestal být guvernérem Philip Gidley King. James Milson dorazil dne Albion dne 19. srpna 1806 během období, kdy kapitán William Bligh byl guvernérem od 13. srpna 1806 do 26. ledna 1808 (do vojenského puče sborem NSW). Příchod Jamese Milsona a jeho manželství 8. ledna 1810 byly obě události, ke kterým došlo poté, co Philip Gidley King přestal být guvernérem Nového Jižního Walesu. Neexistuje tedy žádný způsob, jak by Philip Gidley King mohl učinit z Milsona grant na půdu, nebo že by Milsonova manželka mohla nutit Milsona, aby naléhal na Philipa Gidley Kinga, aby získal písemný grant. V té době došlo k manželství Milson Lachlan Macquarie byl guvernérem Nového Jižního Walesu. Lachlan Macquarie byl guvernérem od 1. ledna 1810 do 1. prosince 1821. Jamesovi Milsonovi místo toho guvernér Macqaurie dal půdu. V památníku Jamese Milsona guvernérovi Macquarieovi z 5. června 1820 bylo uvedeno, že James Milson žil se svou rodinou v Pennant Hills „po zemědělských pronásledováních“ na grantu 100 akrů, který mu dříve poskytl guvernér Macquarie.^[6]
• (2) Milsonovi byl předveden plán vymezující zemi na jeho jméno a že to stačilo jako legální vlastnictví v rané kolonii.
  • Pro toto tvrzení však neexistuje žádný právní precedens.
• (3) Milson postavil dům na „Milson's Point“ krátce po svatbě v roce 1810.
  • V letech po svém manželství však James Milson žil na „Marsu“. kromě památníku ze dne 5. června 1820, který v té době zřídil bydliště pro sebe a svou rodinu v Pennant Hills (v „Field of Mars“, okres Parramatta), podle Milsonových vlastních slov v letech před rokem 1825 „převážně pobýval“ v okrese Parramatta ".^[5] Krátce po svém sňatku v roce 1810 si nevybudoval rezidenci v Milsons Point v okrese Sydney.
• (4) Nebyla uvedena žádná skutečná výměra a tato skutečnost oslabila Milsonův případ v následném právním sporu mezi ním a Campbellem o vlastnictví pozemku, který zahrnoval Milsonův sad.^[18]
  • Tento případ se však skutečně zmínil o výměře a nejednalo se o to, kdo pozemek vlastnil. Milson prohrál spor s Campbellem na základě nezaplacení leasingové smlouvy mezi ním a Campbellem. Případ uvedl, že Milson si pronajal farmu o rozloze 48 hektarů od Roberta Campbella. V tomto případě Milson neměl v úmyslu vlastnit půdu, kterou pronajímal. Milson místo toho zmínil Campbellovu absenci dokladu o titulu, což znemožnilo zjistit hranici mezi 120 akrů (48 ha), které si Milson pronajal od Campbella, a přilehlou „velkou částí země“ (výměra není v případě uvedena, ale je známa být 50 akrů (20 ha), které Milson získal jako dotaci od guvernéra sira Thomas Brisbane v srpnu 1824.^[1][16][19] Je však pravda, že Milson během téměř 3 let od roku 1828, kdy přestal platit nájem, zpochybnil Campbellovo vlastnictví půdy. Během této doby Milson napsal generálnímu inspektorovi a guvernérovi Ralphovi Darlingovi ve snaze, aby země byla uznána za jeho vlastní místo Roberta Campbella. Odpověď, kterou Milson obdržel dne 13. března 1829, byla, že nemohl získat půdu, protože byla majetkem Roberta Campbella, a že půda, kterou Milson vlastnil (sousedních 50 akrů), byla již změřena a označena.^[20]

Verze této rodinné tradice nebo jejích částí se opakovaly jako fakta v mnoha publikacích o životě Jamese Milsona. Nejběžnější částí rodinné tradice, která se opakuje, je to, že soudní spor mezi Campbellem a Milsonem byl spor o pozemkový titul. Příklady opakování rodinné tradice nebo jejích částí jsou uvedeny v Australian Dictionary of Biography,^[2] publikaci Elizabeth Warne,^[1] publikace R.H. Goddarda,^[21] publikace rady North Sydney^[4][22] a North Sydney Historical Society,^[7] a slovník Sydney.^[11][13]

Novinová zpráva obsahující rodinnou tradici

Příklad verze rodinné tradice vyplývá z Sydney Morning Herald ze dne 19. května 1926.^[23]

Raná léta v kolonii Nového Jižního Walesu

1806 až 1810: Zaměstnanost a manželství

Spolucestující dál Albion včetně Jamese Milsona Robert Campbell (1769–1846) a jeho rodina a jeho synovec Robert Campbell ml.^[6] Během dlouhé cesty se Campbellovi a James Milson dobře poznali. Robert Campbell byl úspěšný obchodník, který měl také zemědělské zájmy. Robert Campbell vlastnil pozemky o rozloze 900 akrů (364 ha) v Canterbury do šesti mil jihozápadně od Sydney, kde řídil největší soukromé stádo dobytka v kolonii,^[22][43][44] a nevyvinutý 120 akrů (48 ha) na ostrohu na severní straně Port Jackson, který zahrnuje jak Kirribilli Point, tak Milsons Point.

James Milson se přistěhoval, aby začal život v kolonii jako farmář. Zpočátku, než mohl získat vlastní pozemkovou dotaci, potřeboval získat zaměstnání. Soudní spor mezi Campbellem a Milsonem v roce 1831 uvedl, že Campbell byl bývalý zaměstnavatel společnosti Milson.^[16] Zdá se tedy, že James Milson měl práci s Robertem Campbellem na Campellově farmě v Canterbury ještě předtím, než vstoupil na břeh své nové vlasti.

Milson dále našel zaměstnání na Marťanském poli v okrese Parramatta. Odkazy nesouhlasí s tím, na které farmě pracoval v této oblasti.

8. ledna 1810 v Sydney, v kostele sv. Filipa, se Milson, který sám sebe popisoval jako „sluhu a dělníka“, oženil s Elizabeth Kilpackovou (1793–1850), dcerou Davida Kilpacka (asi 1757–1797) a Eleanor McDonaldové. (c. 1754 - 1835), která byla v době manželství své dcery manželkou Thomase Edwarda Higginsa (c. 1740 - 1829).

Australský slovník biografie uvádí, že Elizabeth Kilpacková byla dcerou Milsonova zaměstnavatele, aniž by uvedla, kdo je Milsonův zaměstnavatel.^[2] Někteří to interpretují tak, že Milson pracoval na farmě Elizabethinho otce Davida Kilpacka. To je však nemožné, protože David Kilpack zemřel v roce 1797, což bylo 9 let před příjezdem Milsona do kolonie, a než Kilpack zemřel, prodal svou farmu John Macarthur (1767–1834).^[45]Elizabeth Warne říká, že Milson pracoval na farmě po Elizabethině matce, „vdově Kilpack“, farmě o rozloze 170 akrů.^[1] To je opět nemožné, protože před rokem 1816 Elizabethina matka nikdy nevlastnila farmu a byla také pouze „vdovou Kilpackovou“ po dobu 14 měsíců až do svého druhého manželství s Thomasem Higginsem dne 31. ledna 1799, ačkoli byla stále ještě někdy identifikována její dívkou jméno Eleanor McDonald (1822 a 1825) a její dřívější vdané jméno Eleanor Kilpack (postoupení pozemku z roku 1816). (Elizabeth Warne také nesprávně uvádí, že Milson pracoval na této farmě před rokem 1810 současně s prací na vlastní farmě o rozloze 50 akrů naproti Sydney Cove, když až do srpna 1824 nedostal dotaci na těchto 50 akrů.^[19]) Pak tam zůstal jen Elizabethin nevlastní otec Thomas Higgins. Sběratel z roku 1806 však ukazuje, že měl pouze farmu o rozloze 30 akrů a záznamy v indexu Colonial Secretary ukazují, že dalších 100 akrů získal až v červenci 1809.

Beecroft a Cheltenham History Group místo toho uvádí, že James Milson měl pracoval na farmě Cornish Hills, když poprvé přijel jako volný osadník v roce 1806.^[45] S pochopením, že prvním zaměstnavatelem Jamese Milsona v kolonii byl Robert Campbell v Canterbury, je to nejpravděpodobnější scénář druhého Milsonova pracoviště na „Marsu“. Cornish Hill Farm vlastnil John Macarthur. Do roku 1803 získal John Macarthur na „Field of Mars“ celkem více než 1 000 akrů, což byla řada menších farem, které nazýval „Cornish Hill Farms“, v oblasti, která sahala od dnešních Dundas přes Carlingford a Beecroft až po Thompson's Corner. v Pennant Hills na křižovatce Castle Hill a Pennants Hills Road. Na Macarthurových farmách Cornish Hills Farms, které zahrnovaly farmu, která původně patřila otci Elizabeth Kilpack, zaměstnával John Macarthur manažery farem pro různé farmy a pro různé zemědělské úkoly. Dva z těchto manažerů farmy byli David Kilpack, otec Elizabeth Kilpack, od prodeje jeho farmy až do své smrti v roce 1797, a Andrew Murray, přítel a švagr Jamese Milsona, po Murrayově příchodu do kolonie v roce 1817.^[45]

Další spolupracující důkazy o tom, že James Milson byl zaměstnán Johnem Macarthurem, zahrnují:

• Když James Milson v roce 1816 získal svůj první pozemkový grant, doporučil jej pro tento grant „H McArthur“, synovec Johna Macarthura.^[46]
• Když James Milson obdržel v roce 1821 v Pennant Hills následný pozemkový grant 100 akrů (v této oblasti už měl 100 akrů), bylo to 100 akrů farmy Cornish Hills, které se John Macarthur vzdal koruně v květnu 1821, a země, kterou James Milson uvedl, že John Macarthur požádal o povolení Jamesi Milsonovi.^[47]

• Ve sporu s Jamesem Shepherdem o vlastnictví 100akrového pozemku, který byl součástí farmy Cornish Hills, si Milson vybral jako svého arbitra Johna Macarthura.^[48]

James Milson se seznámil se svou manželkou Elizabeth Kilpackovou při práci na Macarthurových farmách Cornish Hills, protože Elizabeth Kilpacková žila před svatbou ve věku 16 let na 30akrové farmě svého nevlastního otce v této oblasti. Její rodina také nadále úzce spolupracovala s Macarthurs, protože když její matka v roce 1816 obdržela grant ve výši 60 akrů, osobou, která pro tento grant doporučila, byla paní Macarthurová. Andrew Murray, který se oženil v roce 1818 rok po příjezdu do kolonie, se při práci na farmách v Cornish Hill setkal také se svou ženou Eleanor Kilpackovou, sestrou Elizabeth. Podle Beecroft a Cheltenham History Group říká se, že Andrew se poprvé setkal s Eleanor, když hnal dobytek na farmě Cornish Hills.^[45]

1811 až 1820: Otcovství a vlastnictví půdy

První pozemkový grant Jamese Milsona o rozloze 50 akrů mu byl udělen 16. ledna 1816, kdy bylo zaznamenáno, že bydlel v okrese Parramatta (který zahrnoval „Marsovo pole“) a měl manželku a 2 děti.^[46] Těmito 2 dětmi byly Sophia (1811) a James Jnr (1814).^[35] Za nimi měli následovat David (1817), Elizabeth (1819), John (1821) a Robert (1824).

Tento první grant byl na 50 akrů v Broken Bay.^[46] Broken Bay je vstupem řeky Hawkesbury do moře. Zdá se, že Milson tuto půdu nikdy neobdělával a místo toho dokázal přesvědčit guvernéra Macquarie, aby to změnil na větší pozemkovou dotaci 100 akrů v Pennant Hills v „Marsu“ (viz níže). Milson úspěšně hospodařil před 24. srpnem 1819, kdy mu byla z policejního fondu vyplacena odměna 7 14 liber za škody způsobené vládním skotem.^[49]

Dne 5. června 1820 byl napsán nepodepsaný Památník pro Jamese Milsona guvernérovi Maquarie, který žádal o další zemi.^[6] (Milson tento památník nenapsal sám.^{[pozn. 2]}) V tomto památníku se uvádí, že James Milson přišel do kolonie s rodinou pana Roberta Campbella a Robert Campbell také napsal a podepsal doporučení, aby James Milson obdržel „příznivou protihodnotu“ za jeho žádost v dolní části památníku. Památník uvádí, že James Milson pobýval a hospodařil na grantu o rozloze 100 akrů, který předtím obdržel od guvernéra Macquarie („vaše excelence se ráda rozšířila“) v Pennant Hills. Z těchto 100 akrů měl 20 akrů pod kultivací a dalších 10 akrů připravených ke kultivaci. Měl také 40 hlav rohatého skotu „a na pastvinách jen velmi málo pastvin“, a to bylo základem jeho žádosti o další dotaci na půdu.^[6] V důsledku tohoto památníku bylo Jamesu Milsonovi uděleno dalších 100 akrů v Pennant Hills.

Nemovitosti v North Sydney: 1821 až 1831 a dále

Milson má 50 akrů přilehlých 120 akrů Milson si pronajal od Campbella

Náčrt mapy^[50] poprvé publikováno v roce 1955 v knize „Život a doba Jamese Milsona“^[21] ukazující přibližné umístění v blízkosti moderní Jeffreyovy ulice „Milson's residence“ ve 20. letech 20. století, která zahrnovala jeho ovocný sad a mléčné výrobky. Také ukazuje přibližnou polohu bydliště Milsonova zeť Williama Shairpa^[50] který se oženil s Milsonovou dcerou Sophií v roce 1827.^[51] Perforovaná čára označuje přibližný rozsah 120 akrů (48 ha) pronajatých Milsonem od Roberta Campbella ve 20. letech 20. století. Nad děrovanou linií bylo přilehlé 50 akrů (20 ha), které bylo uděleno Milsonovi v srpnu 1824.^[19] Milsonova rezidence byla vypálena v lesních požárech v listopadu 1826. V roce 1831 postavil Milson novou rezidenci s výhledem na záliv Hulk (nyní známý jako Lavender Bay)^[4][13] umístěný nad děrovanou čárou na jeho grantu o rozloze 20 hektarů.

V roce 1821 (rok končící 30. června 1822)^{[pozn. 3][22]} Milson začal pronajímat 120 akrů půdy (48 ha) půdy od Roberta Campbella, který byl na ostrohu zahrnujícím Kirribilli a Milsons Points. Existuje historická společnost North Sydney Historical Society, která uvádí, že Milson si nejprve myslel, že tato země není „nic jiného než kameny a kameny, nedostatek půdy pro pěstování trávy na krmení.“^[7] This does not agree with Milson's desire to lease the land from Campbell, or his attempting to establish a dairy and orchard there, something that he was able to do successfully. The headland was indeed partly rocky but also contained areas of useful farm land. The rockiness was also useful in providing building materials, and from a quarry on Careening Bay a business of supplying sandstone ballast to shipping.^[16] Warne's variation of this story is that Milson found the land to be "rocky and uncompromising but he was assured that the soil was good for farming and grazing, and he was provided two convicts to assist with the clearing".^[1] This does not agree with Milson's experience as a man who had already been farming in the Colony for 15 years, or, in his own words, that Milson had been assigned convict servants from about 1810.^[5]

Milson initially leased this 120 acres of land for 7 years which extended to 30 June 1828^{[pozn. 4]} for a rent of £10 per annum "as a matter of favour" from Campbell. A lease agreement was signed by both parties with each taking a copy. The lease was then extended in a memorandum between the parties for a further period of 3 years to 30 June 1831 on the same terms. Non-payment of the rent on this lease between 1828 and 1831 became the basis of a court action in August 1831. By the time that Milson had stopped making rent payments on the lease, however, both parties had accidentally lost their copies of the original lease agreement, and Campbell had also accidentally lost his title deeds to the land.^[16] Once the court case was concluded with Milson being ordered to pay the rental arrears as damages, Milson continued to lease land from Robert Campbell until Campbell's death in 1846, and then from subsequent owners. A map from the 1840s^[17] show that Milson was still then leasing a smaller part of the 120 acres.

It is on part of the 120 acres (48ha) that Milson began to lease from Robert Campbell in 1821 that Milson built his dairy and his orchard and also grew vegetables in the area of the modern day Jeffrey Street. It is also on the small portion of the leased 120 acres where Milson established his dairy, orchard and vegetable gardens that Milson built his first home in the area, and another dwelling called "The Milk House" which became "a well known resort of Sunday-goers"^[36] from Sydney. It was from the 120 acres of leased land that Milson built a good business supplying ships in Sydney Harbour with fresh fruit and vegetables, milk and water, as well as ballast from a quarry near Careening Cove.

There is no way of knowing exactly when in the early 1820s Milson and his family started to reside on the leased 120 acres. In the 1822 muster of New South Wales, however, he is shown as a resident of the District of Sydney rather than the District of Parramatta showing that the move probably had been made before then. Then in at least the period 22 August 1823 to 1 November 1825 Milson and his wife lived at least part-time at Government House as they were employed there, with James acting as a Steward and Keeper of Government House.^{[26][27][28][29]}

In August 1824 Milson received from Governor Sir Thomas Brisbane a land grant of 50 acres (20ha) further up the headland and adjoining the 120 acres that Milson leased from Robert Campbell.^[16][17][19] (Elizabeth Warne incorrectly states that this 50 acres was received not as a land grant but as a promissary note.^[1]) This land grant gave Milson additional land on which to graze his dairy herd. This land grant also allowed Milson to be shown as a landholder in the District of Sydney in the 1825 muster of New South Wales rather than a resident as in the earlier 1822 muster. As Milson owned this 50 acres rather than leasing it, it was on this 50 acres that he built his family homes of "Brisbane House" (1831)^[4] and "Grantham". This land grant also made Milson not just one of the areas most prominent businessmen but also one of the area’s most prominent landholders.

Zničující bushfires occurred in November 1826, with "a house in the occupation of Milsom, a milkman on the North Shore" being burnt down on Saturday 25 November 1826.^[52] Elizabeth Warne also correctly records that the bushfires destroyed what was the other dwelling on the property, the "Milk House",^[36] but incorrectly calls it a dairy building.^[13] Australský slovník biografie^[2] reports that Milson lost in the fire the title deeds of his land at Pennant Hills (close to Castle Hill) and his 50-acre (20 ha) grant at "Hunter's Hill" (then the name for the area of North Sydney that includes today's suburb of Kirribilli and not to be confused with the today's modern day suburb of Hunters Hill) which adjoined^[17] the 120 acres (48ha) that Milson leased from Robert Campbell where Milson's dairy and orchard stood. If he lost the title deeds to these lands he also lost the title deeds to his other landholdings including those at Wollombi. (Loss of these title deeds did not force Milson to buy "some 890 acres" of land including land at Wollombi as claimed by Elizabeth Warne.^[1] Milson already owned this land prior to the fire, having, for example, purchased Wollombi in 1825.^[53] Loss of his title deeds had no long term consequence on Milson and those lands owned prior to the bushfire were also included in his will of July 1829.^[2] The subsequent 1831 court case between Campbell and Milson over Milson's non-payment of rent on the lease of 120 acres of land at "Hunter's Hill" discloses that Milson's copy of the lease document was accidentally lost,^[16] probably in the same bushfire.

In 1827 Milson had built for his family a replacement cottage on the leased 120 acres that he called "Brisbane Cottage"^[13] on or close to the site of his home that had been destroyed by the bushfires. According to notes held by the North Sydney Historical Society this cottage was built by Martin Regan, one of Milson's assigned convict servants who lived until he was 105.^[7] This replacement cottage, by then being used as a worker's cottage, appears in a map of the 1840s.^[17]

Afternoon tea on the upper lawns of Carabella in the 1890s (Mitchell Library SLNSW)

In 1827 Milson also built his daughter Sophia as a wedding present a cottage that he called "Carabella Cottage" on his 50 acres, and two years later her husband William Sharp built nearby a much larger home that he also called "Carabella" for £600 and that was situated at modern 34 McDougall St, Kirribilli.^[9] Milson was also to build his own homes "Brisbane House" (1831)^[4] and then "Grantham" on this land. The Dictionary of Sydney describes "Brisbane House" as "a stone house with two storeys facing Lavender Bay, then commonly called Hulk Bay, after the convict hulks moored nearby" and "Grantham" as "a large bungalow-style sandstone home on a larger plot of land (now occupied by the Greenway Housing Commission flats)."^[13] In the November 1828 census of New South Wales Milson is recorded as owning 1600 acres of land that included this 50 acres on which he was to build his home.

Before September 1828 it was known to both Milton and Campbell that neither of them had retained a copy of the original lease agreement for Campbell's 120 acres at "Hunter's Hill", and that both of them had lost the title documents for their respective lands at "Hunter's Hill". Only copies of the memorandum still existed.

Milson then attempted to obtain ownership of the land that he knew was owned by Robert Campbell by surreptitious means. In September 1828 Milson wrote to the Surveyor-General and expressed surprise that the land on which his house stood had been "measured to the Honourable Robert Campbell whose claim has never been properly established." Milson also wrote to the Governor on 3 October 1828 in a letter which stated "I have also to inform your Excellency that during the absence of the Surveyor-General, who is in Argyllshire, Messrs Cordeaux and Finch tool it upon themselves to erase my name which stood in the chart for the land which I am now in possession of, and are endeavouring to trump up a claim in favour of the Honourable Robert Campbell for the said land." Milson received a reply on 13 March 1829 from the Colonial Secretary, Alexander Macleay, which stated "I am directed by His Excellency the Governor (Ralph Darling ) to inform you that if you allude to the spot on which you have built you must be aware that you cannot obtain it as it is the property of Mr Robert Campbell, who states that he actually gave a lease of it to you, and that the land to which you are entitled" (the adjoining 50 acres) "is already measured and marked out." ^[7][20]

Milton also stopped paying his rent after having paid £4 2s 8d of the £10 rent for the year ended 30 June 1829. By the end of June 1831 Milton owed Campbell £25 17s 4d in rent (£5 17s 4d for the remainder of 1828/29 + £10 for 1829/30 + £10 for 1830/31). In June 1831 Campbell had served upon Milton a bill of arrears of rent, and had received a promise of payment from Milton that had not been fulfilled. On 12 August 1831 Campbell then began court action against Milton for the arrears of rent. As the original lease agreement no longer existed Campbell sued Milton under an action of assumpsit (or breach of promise to pay) for use and occupation of Campbell's land.^[16]

During the court action of 1831 Milton never disputed Campbell's title to the 120 acres, or that a lease agreement had been in place. Indeed a copy of the memorandum that extended the original lease, the "second document", still existed. Milton also did not disagree with the evidence of Campbell's son "that a formal instrument had been executed by the parties, binding them, under their hands and seals, to certain performances of a contract for a specified term of years". Milton instead disputed knowledge of the boundary between Campbell's 120 acres and Milton's adjoining 50 acres (referred to as "very large portion of land") which he contended could not be proved without the title documents ("proof of title") under which Campbell held his land. Lack of knowledge of the boundary Milton contended caused him difficulties and for this reason he had resisted paying rent. Milton contended that not knowing where the boundary lay between the two plots of land meant that Milton did not know where the opposite boundary of his own 50 acres lay, left him open to a charge of trespass if he impounded cattle that wandered onto his land if the cattle were in fact on the land of his other neighbour, and left Milton without knowledge of how far to advance with improvements on his own property either in the direction towards Campbell's land, or on his opposite boundary. (That Milton was also missing the title deeds to his 50 acres was not drawn into his argument.) Milton also contended that he did not have the use of the 120 acres "sacred to the lease" as a man by the name of Cunningham was allowed to come onto the land and take away quantities of soil. Milton also contented that the action of assumpsit (or breach of promise to pay) for Milton's use and occupation of Campbell's land was not a lie, but that the proper course for Campbell to have pursued should have instead been an action for debt under the second document, the memorandum.^[16]

The decision of the court was that even without registered title Campbell was the legal owner of the 120 acres, and that Milton was the permissive occupant.^[11] The action for assumpsit (or breach of promise to pay) for Milton's use and occupation of Campbell's land was therefore proved. Milton was ordered to pay to Campbell damages of £25 17s 4d, the arrears in the rent.^[16]

Bushfire of Saturday, 25 November 1826

Australan Wednesday 29 November 1826

…it is calculated that the loss of property by the fire is greater than ever known before in the Colony by a similar event. A house in the occupation of Milsom, a milkman on the North Shore, was burnt down on Saturday.^[40]

A second newspaper report in the Sydney Gazette of the same date provides more information. At the time of the bushfire Milson was away from the property but his wife and children were at home. Mrs Milson sustained burns from the fire.

Sydney Gazette, Wednesday 29 November 1826

During the extensive and frightful conflagration that occurred in the woods on Saturday last, the house occupied by Mr. Milsom, an industrious settler, in Neutral Bay, at the North Shore, was consumed. Mr. M. was from home at the time, and his wife and five children were on the spot, destitute of the assistance of a man servant. The whole of the property was destroyed, and the inmates, especially Mrs. Milsom, with difficulty escaped with their lives, though Mrs. M. was much burnt. Never before was any thing equal to the devastation which the fire has effected; the grass, is destroyed for miles upon miles, and the trees are continually falling, to the danger of the traveller beneath, from the effects of being burnt at the roots.^[40]

A third newspaper report gives even more information about the events of the bushfire of 25 November 1826 that destroyed Milson's buildings and livelihood. This was co-incidentally the 12th birthday of Milson's son James Milson Jnr.^{[pozn. 5]} The report ends with the chilling words "chilling Poverty appears to be their only prospect." Fortunately that was not to be the case.

Obrazovka 8 December 1826

DOMESTIC INTELLENCE

It is our painful task to record melancholy instance of the mutability of human affairs. There dwelt upon the North Shore a reputable family named Melsham (sic), the heads of whom had long held confidential posts in the households of Governors Macquarie and Brisbane; having acquired an easy competency, they had retired to this sequestered spot to enjoy the fruits of their labour, a comfortable neatly furnished dwelling; a garden, cattle and a well known resort of Sunday-goers, known as "The Milk House," which produced a considerable weekly rental, constituted their possessions. Melsham (sic) was absent, and his wife and daughter saw with fearful solicitude the distant smoke rising o'er the hill; towards the set of sun the blazing heath presented to their view an appalling prospect – two male domestics then on the premises made active endeavours to cut off the communication of the flames, by clearing a space as ample as time would admit of, to check its destructive progress; but the attempt was vainly made. The impelling breeze wafted ignited masses through the air, and the only resource now left, was to remove the most valuable and necessary portables the house contained. Apparel, beds, &c. were hastily conveyed to a distance, but the unfortunate owners were compelled to witness the demolition of their peaceful habitation – the small remaining hope of saving the residue of their property was not left them long. The destructive element made rapid progress towards the depository of their moveables and quickly was the wreck complete – of a watch, the wheels alone remained – an old Kangaroo dog, guarding, it is supposed, the last relics of his master's worldly goods, had the hair literally singed off him, and his legs left in a pitiable state. The fate of their Cattle is not yet known, whether destroyed in the conflagration or driven into the bush. By this unforeseen visitation of Providence, these unfortunate people are once more thrown upon the world, their hopes destroyed, and in the decline of life chilling Poverty appears to be their only prospect.^[36]

Note: It is known from other sources that both James Milson and his wife Elizabeth did act as stewards at Government House, Sydney, for Governor Brisbane prior to 1826. They did not act as stewards in the time of Governor Macquarie and that part of the above newspaper report is incorrect.

Campbell's 120 acres from 1794 to 1820

Oblast Kirribilli ("Hunter's Hill") was settled by Europeans early in the history of the Colony of New South Wales. The first record of land being granted in this area of the North Shore was on 20 February 1794.^{[pozn. 6]} This was for 30 acres (12 ha) on the North side of the Harbour of Port Jackson, opposite Sydney Cove for a quit rent of 1s per annum after 10 years to an expired convict, Samuel Lightfoot.^{[11][22][54][55]} The North Sydney Historical Society states that the 30-acre grant extended from where Milsons Point Railway Station is now to Kurraba Point but this is impossible as it is an area of much greater than 30 acres and extends over to Neutral Bay which was never part of the land grant.^[7] Revising their description, the original land grant extended from about the position of today's Milsons Point Railway Station across to Lavendar bay, and down to and including Milsons Point, that is the western side of the later 120-acre land grant. Lightfoot was a former convict, born in about 1763 and transported to Australia for seven years for stealing clothing. He arrived with the First Fleet in 1788 on Charlotte.^[56]

V roce 1794 Thomas Muir, a Scottish constitutional reformer, was sentenced to transportation for sedition. He arrived in the Colony on the Surprise on 25 October 1794. Lightfoot sold his farm to Muir who also had a cottage on what is now Circular Quay. The farm that Muir began to establish on the 30 acres he named, after his father’s home in Skotsko, "Huntershill" (not to be confused with the modern day suburb of "Hunters Hill " further up the harbour). Muir is thought to have built a hut marked on an old map,^[7] and therefore is thought to have been the first European resident on the North Shore. Thomas Muir escaped from the colony in February 1796 aboard an American brig, the Vydra and died in France two years later.^[7][11][22]

The next record of 26 April 1800 is that the 30 acres that had been purchased by Robert Ryan.^[57] (Some references incorrectly state that Ryan was granted the 30 acres.^[22]) Ryan had worked in Ostrov Norfolk, both as a soldier and also a settler. It is not known how the ownership of the land passed from Muir to Ryan, or whether there were other unknown intermediate owners.

On 26 April 1800 the Colonial Secretary recorded that the 30-acre land grant to Lightfoot was cancelled.^[57] The 30 acres had been purchased by Robert Ryan and was being cancelled to incorporate it with an additional grant of 90 acres (36ha) into a total grant of 120 acres (48ha) On the North side of the Harbour, opposite Sydney Cove for a quit rent of 2s per annum after 5 years. The 90 acres (he already owned the 30 acres) was being given to Ryan for his services in the Royal Marines and the NSW Corps. The corresponding entry in the Register of Land Grants states Cancelled, and a New Grant given to Robert Ryan for 90 acres in addition to this Allotment, by Governor Hunter. See the third Register, Folio 37.^{[11][22][55][58]} The entry against the list of all grants and leases of land registered in the Colonial Secretary's Office for Robert Ryan's 120 acres says 90 acres of this grant is given towards the complement Ryan is entitled to of 160 for his services to the Marines & NSW Corps; the other 30 is a Grant of Samuel Lightfoot's which was purchased by the present proprietor & is now cancelled in the first Register folio 78. Robert Ryan therefore has yet 70 acres of land to receive.^[57](160-90=70)

This 120-acre grant to Ryan included almost all of the Kirribilli headland including both Kirribilli Point and Milsons Point.

Around 1806 Ryan, who knew nothing about farming,^[7] sold the property to Robert Campbell, a wealthy Sydney merchant.^[22] Campbell built Australia’s first shipbuilding yards there in 1807, at the site that is now occupied by the Royal Sydney Yacht Squadron, Kirribilli.

1814 Quarantine Station

The uninhabited 120 acres at Kirribilli was also used briefly for quarantine purposes in 1814 for the people who had arrived on the convict ship Surry.

In 1814 the Surry was carrying a "cargo" of 200 male convicts. Passengers on board were 25 men of the 46. ​​pluk. During the voyage out from England malignant fever (tyfus ) raged on board and a total of 42 men died before the ship anchored in Port Jackson on 27 July 1814. Of these 42^[42] men: 36 were convicts (listed with their names and dates of death in the Sydney Gazette of 10 September 1814^[59]), 2 were of the ship's crew, 2 were soldiers from the 46th Regiment, 1 was the 1st (Chief) Mate, and shortly before the ship anchored the Master (Captain) of the ship also died.^[41] (36+2+2+1+1=42).

Once the Governor became aware of the situation on board Surry he ordered that the ship be anchored near the uninhabited North Shore and be placed into karanténa. This quarantine was also placed on both the ship and the part of the North Shore off which the ship anchored to allow those on the ship onto land.

On Wednesday (27 July 1814) arrived the ship Broxbornebury…

Same day arrived the ship Surry, Captain PATERSON, who has since unfortunately fell a victim to a fever that had for some time raged with excessive fury on board that ship, and which has also proved fatal to the chief officer, two soldiers, belonging to a detachment of 25 men, of the 46th Regiment, two of the ship's company also, and 38 (sic) male prisoners, of whom she had originally 200 on board.

By the Surry has arrived Brevet Major Stewart, of the 46th Regiment.

The Broxbornebury fell in with the Surry off Shoal Haven; & on speaking her, learnt that from the relaxed state of the crew, and illness of the surviving officers, her safe conduct into this Port was despaired of, unless assisted from the other ship with some person capable of navigating her in; for which service a seaman capable of the task generously volunteered his service, and brought her in. - As soon as the melancholy report was communicated to the GOVERNOR in CHIEF by the Naval Officer, who had in the meantime, prohibited any communication with the vessel from any shore or ships' boats, HIS EXCELLENCY was pleased to confirm the interdiction until the nature of the prevailing malady should be ascertained, in the best manner that the circumstances of the case would admit, by the Principal Surgeon and the other Gentleman of the Medical Department; whose report, after being repeatedly alongside, confirmed the apprehension already entertained of the courageous nature of the distemper; and His Excellency was in consequence pleased to issue his instructions that she should be brought up at a convenient anchorage near the North Shore, where the people might be landed, and remain until the danger of their nearer approach should disappear; the necessary arrangements for which salutary precaution are stated in the General Orders of this day. The benefit of a free circulation of air onshore, and the exercise which the still suffering patients may become progressively capable of enjoying in this salubrious climate, to which the present season is perhaps far from being unfavourable, will, we hope most fervently, very shortly put an end to the pestilential terrors and render the restraint no longer necessary.

— "Ship News", Sydney Gazette, Saturday 30 July 1814^[41]

The Government Orders about the Quarantine were clear that no one was to go near the persons who had arrived on Surry. A guard was to be placed on board the ship, another guard on the land, and severe punishment was promised for anyone who broke the quarantine.

Sydney Gazette, Saturday 30 July 1814

GOVERNMENT AND GENERAL ORDERS.

Head Quarters, Government House, Sydney, Saturday 30th July, 1814

The Male Convict Transport Ship, Surry. Which arrived in this Harbour from England on the 28th (sic) Instant, having brought a malignant Fever of a very infectious Nature, of which the Master (Captain), first Mate, and forty other Men (=42) have died during the Voyage, previous to the Arrival of the Ship in this Port; HIS EXCELLENCY the GOVERNOR had deemed expedient to use every possible Precaution to prevent the Danger of the Contagion extending from her to the Population of the Colony; and with this View he has given Orders to institute the most rigid Quarantine Restrictions in respect of the Ship herself, and all Persons on board of her, until such Time as the Fever is entirely subsided, and the People now infected are recovered.

It is therefore the GOVERNOR’S most positive Orders, that no Person whatsoever (the Medical Quarantine Officers and their Attendants excepted), shall have any Intercourse or Communication of any sort with the said Ship or the Persons now on board her, until such Time as she is relieved from Quarantine, which will be announced in Public Orders; and the GOVERNOR further directs and commands, that no Person shall visit, or have any Intercourse what ever with the Military Detachment, Sailors, ad Convicts, who are about to be landed from the said Ship on the North Shore of Port Jackson; where they are to remain encamped under strict Quarantine Regulations till further Orders. – There will be a Guard on board the Ship Surry, and also on the North Shore; to enforce these Orders; and any Person detected in attempting to act in Disobedience of them will be confined, and most severely punished.

By Command of His Excellency The Governor,

J.T.Campbell, Secretary.^[42]

Quarantine restrictions were lifted for the ship on 13 August 1814, but the restrictions on the camp lasted longer.

GOVERNMENT NOTICE

SECTRETARY'S OFFICE, SYDNEY

Saturday, 13th August, 1814

It being duly notified to HIS EXCELLENCY the GOVERNOR, that the Disease on board the Male Convict Ship, Surry, which had rendered it necessary to put the Vessel under strict Quarantine on her Arrival in this Port, has now happily terminated, and the Danger of Infection from the said Ship is entirely removed:--This is therefore to give Notice that his EXCELLENCY is pleased to relieve said Ship from any further Continuence of those Quarantine Restrictions: but as the Disease is not altogether ceased in the encampment on the North Shore, the Quarantine Restrictions in Regard to that Place, and the Persons there, shall continue in full Force.

By Command of His Excellency,

Guvernér,

J.T.Campbell, Secretary^[60]

The uninhabited land on the North Shore off which Surry anchored, and on which the persons who had arrived on the ship were allowed to land and set up camp during the time of their Quarantine, was the 120-acre headland owned by Campbell that included Milsons Point and Kirribilli Point. Thus this headland was the first site in Australia to be used for quarantine purposes. This is known because three typhoid victims from Surry were buried there with their graves being in the area that later became Milson's orchard. These graves are stated to be the site of the first burials on the North Shore.^[7][61] They are shown on MAP 3 in this article, a part of the 1840s map of the area.^[17] The notation on the map says "Spot where three of the Surry's crew are interred". One of those buried is known to have been the ship's surgeon who attended the typhoid victims. In 1925-26 when homes were being demolished for the construction of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, the gravestones were found being used as hearthstones in cottages in what is now Bradfield Park (located approximately 50 metres west of the location of the graves shown on the early map), and included the gravestone of the surgeon.^[7][62]

The 42 deaths before the ship anchored, plus the 3 graves brings the death toll to 45 (assuming that the 3 graves were all for deaths that occurred after the ship anchored). Bateson, however, states that there were a total of 51 deaths before the quarantine was lifted and lists the additional 9 deaths as the 2nd Mate, the boatswain, an additional 4 seaman, an additional 2 soldiers, and the surgeon.^[63]

Thomas Raine was a junior officer on board the Surry. The epidemic of typhus left him the only surviving officer. He subsequently commanded her for the next three voyages (1816, 1819, 1823).^[64]

Raine's grandson Tom Raine founded Raine and Horne, Australan nemovitost franchise in 1883. There is a memorial to Raine slightly to the west of the Jeffrey Street Wharf.

The family tradition is that Milson lived on this land from the time of his marriage in 1810, and that Milson gave permission for the victims from Surry to be buried there in 1814.^[23] That this piece of land was used for a strictly enforced place of quarantine is proof, however, that the 120 acres was uninhabited in 1814, that James Milson did not live there at that time, and that the graves were already in place before Milson moved there and started to build his orchard.

Subsequent owners of Campbell's 120 acres after his death in 1846

After the death of Robert Campbell in 1846 his lands first passed into the hands of his Estate, and then changed ownership under the terms of his will. It is by Campbell's will dated 11 October 18?? (unreadable) that Campbell's 120-acre property in Kirribilli was broken up into areas that can be readily compared with modern maps.

Campbell left a complex will. Eventually each of the sons received one-sixth of the estate while both daughters' shares passed on to the Jeffreys family by about 1880. The west side of Jeffreys Street was left to George Campbell, the youngest son. The east side of Jeffreys Street was left to the elder sons, John and Robert Campbell. Arthur Jeffreys was left the block of land immediately to the north of Jeffreys Street, on the northern side of Fitzroy Street.^[20]

Among Campbell's landholdings bequeathed to his children was a small bequest to his daughter Sarah Campbell, the wife of Arthur Frederick Jeffreys. By a deed of partition dated 15 April 1848 and conveyance of 28 February 1854, Jeffreys received a small portion of the 120 acres being the area approximately bounded by modern Willoughby, Carabella, Fitzroy and Broughton Streets (including Burton Street),^[18] an area of land that is immediately north of where Milson's dairy and orchard once stood.

Arthur Jeffreys subsequently disposed of various portions of his holding. In 1873, which was also after the death of James Milson, Jefferys sold 2 roods and 6 perches (.2 ha) to joint purchasers Neil Stewart of Parramatta and Henry Hocke Bligh of North Shore. This is the area of the modern Kirribilli Neighbourhood Centre ^[18] at 16 Fitzroy Street.

At this time Sydney was still a very small colony and the two new owners of this 2 rods and 6 perches of land were connected to Milson by marriage. Stewart's sister had been the second wife of Milson's eldest son, James Milson junior, and Bligh had married Elizabeth Milson Shair, Milson's grand-daughter.^[18]

MAP 1: Earliest detailed map of Kirribilli Point and Milsons Point: an 1840s subdivision map for the Estate of Robert Campbell (1769–1846).^[17]

Early maps of Kirribilli

MAP 2: Modern map of Kirribilli Point superimposed on top of 1840s map of the same area (superimposed on top of Map 2). Distortion in original 1840s map can be clearly seen. Marked on the map in green is the location of today' s Jeffrey Street; in yellow are the streets in the area of James Milson's Orchard on the 1840s map; in red (upper) is the location on the 1840s map of the large building shown near the milking bails; in red (lower) is the location on the 1840s map of the worker's cottage built within James Milson's orchard which can be seen to be located on modern day Jeffrey Street; in pink is the location on the 1840s map of the boundary of James Milson's orchard; and in pale blue is the approximate location of heritage listed Bratton.

Lavender Bay in the 1880s as photographed by Bernard Otto Hotermann from the western side of the bay towards Milsons Point. (Mitchell Library SLNSW)

MAP 3: Cropped detailed map of Jeffrey Street area of Kirribilli. Cropped from the 1840s subdivision map for the Estate of Robert Campbell (1769–1846).^[17]

MAP 4: Map is from the 1850s but refers to earlier land grants. Caption reads "Early map published in the North Shore Times 8 May 1963 showing the boundary of the Municipality of St Leonards East, proclaimed 1860." Added to the original map are the words "Lavender Bay" which used to be called Hulk Bay, and "Milsons Point". Colours have also been added. Highlighted in yellow is the original 120-acre grant to Robert Ryan in 1800 that was purchased around 1806 by Robert Campbell; in pale blue is the 50-acre grant to James Milson in August 1824; in green is the approximate position that was marked on the map for the orchard that James Milson was still leasing from Robert Campbell in the 1840s (in the 1820s he leased the whole 120 acres); and in pink is the approximate position that was marked on the map for the farm of F.J. Hilly that was leased from Robert Campbell in the 1840s. The boundary of the Municipality of East St Leonards is marked in red.

The North Sydney Historical Society mentions an old map on which a hut is marked^[7] but provides no other details.

A road survey map of 1822 identifies a "Point Kiriabilli" with no indications that the area was settled.^[61]

Map 1 & Map 2

The earliest detailed map of the area dates from the 1840s and is held by the Národní knihovna Austrálie. It was a plan for sub-division drawn up for the Estate of Robert Campbell (1769–1846), the owner of the land. The map shows settlement in the area of Jeffrey Street and Milsons Point as well as what is now known as Kirribilli House a Admirality House at Kirribilli Point. The other parts of the map have streets and property boundaries shown for the subdivision but are otherwise largely blank.

The map shows the extent of the 120 acres (48ha), owned by the Estate of Robert Campbell, which James Milson was leasing from Robert Campbell in the 1820s, and the subsequently smaller area that Milson was leasing in the 1840s where just his orchard, dairy and a worker's cottage were situated. The worker's cottage had been his second home in the area, "Brisbane Cottage".^[13] It is believed to near the site of this cottage that Milson had built his first home in the area that was destroyed in the devastating bushfires of November 1826.

Adjoining the 120 acres (48ha) owned by the Estate of Robert Campbell the map also shows the location further up the point of the 50-acre (20 ha) grant of land made by Governor Brisbane to Milson in August 1824. When compared with modern maps of the area, the 1840s map shows that the boundary between Campbell's 120 acres and Milson's 50 acres went across the peninsula in a straight line, and that modern day Willoughby Street forms part of that straight line.

It was on this adjoining 50 acres (20ha) owned by Milson that Milson grazed his dairy cattle. It was also on this adjoining 50 acres (20ha) owned by Milson that Milson had resided since 1831 when he built "Brisbane House" as the family home. The house was named after Sir Thomas Brisbane, Governor of NSW from 1821 to 1825. It was a two storey stone house situated approximately at the block enclosed by today's Arthur, Middlemiss and Lavender Streets, Lavender Bay. The home faced Lavender Bay, then commonly called Hulk Bay, after the convict hulks moored nearby. In addition Milson later built on this 50 acres (20ha) a large bungalow-style sandstone home situated at Greenway Drive, Milsons Point near where the Greenway Housing Commission Flats are today. This home was called "Grantham" after James Milson's place of birth. Both these homes were demolished in 1925-26 to make way for the building of the Sydney Harbour Bridge.^[4][13]

Mapa 3

The cropped detail map shows that Milson had an ovocný sad, Mléčné výrobky, úly and a (worker's) cottage on leased land in the vicinity of Jeffrey Street. In the orchard were the 1814 graves of three men from the "Surry", vegetable beds and a gardener's hut. The dairy was in a barn and near the dairy was a well, milking bails, and a calf pen. The cottage had a separate kitchen and near the cottage were sheds, a stable, a store, the bee-hives, and a men's slab hut. The map also shows the tank on the foreshore below the orchard that Milson built in 1832 (according to the Australian Dictionary of Biography) to supply water to shipping.^[17] According to one contemporary observer of the times:

Mr Milson, North Shore, has cut a cistern in the solid rock capable of containing 100 tons of water [which is] supplied from an excellent spring constructed so as to fill, by means of a leather hose conductor, ship's boats along the beach where the water is of sufficient depth to float a ship of the line.^[65]

Other features of the cropped detail map in the vicinity of Jeffrey Street are as follows:

• The shape of the shoreline has not changed significantly since 1840, the variation is due to the construction of ferry landings in the vicinity of the Jeffrey Street Wharf over the past 100 years and also the construction of the Sydney Harbour Bridge ve 30. letech.
• The Sydney Harbour Bridge is now located at the base (south) end of the point.
• The large building shown at the top of the map near the "Milking Bails" and a "Calf Pen" is marked as a "Barn". Je to blízko Bratton, a Victorian Italianate style heritage listed building at 36 Pitt Street Kirribilli.^[66]
• The small stream marked at the south east corner of the "Orchard occupied by J. Milson" is most probably the site of a small timber decked simple steel bridge in what is now called "Captain Henry Waterhouse Reserve".
• The map identifies the 1814 graves for three typhoid victims from the ship Surry. These graves were within the area that Milson leased from Campbell for his orchard.
• Many of the streets and some property boundaries can be readily compared with modern maps.

Mapa 4

A map from the 1850s for the then proposed Municipality of East St Leonards (which was proclaimed in 1860) shows boundaries of original grants. It shows the extent of the 50 acres that was granted to James Milson in August 1824 which has been highlighted in pale blue. When compared to modern maps it shows that the 50-acre grant extended from Berry Street in the North, Walker Street in the West, abutted Careening Cove and other grants in the East for which no modern street marks the boundary, and adjoined Campbell's 120 acres in the south at Willoughby Street.

Campbell v Milsom: 1831

Sydney Monitor, 5/10/1831:

SUPREME COURT - CIVIL SIDE

SEPTEMBER 30 - Before Mr. Justice DOWLING, and Messrs. McLaren and Ross, J, P.'s, Assessors.

Campbell v Milsom - This was an action of assumpsit (breach of a promise to pay), to recover the sum of £25 17 4d, for rent due from the defendant for the use and occupation of a certain farm situate on the North Shore, leased by the plaintiff to defendant for a term of years. It appeared in evidence that the defendant leased a farm of 120 acres at the North Shore, from the plaintiff his former employer, as a matter of favour from the plaintiff, at an under rent of £10 per annum, for a term of seven years originally, and which was subsequently extended three years for the purpose of growing vegetables, &c. For the fulfillment of the contract on both sides, an Instrument was signed by both parties, each taking a copy, but which instruments was by accident lost by both parties. That the defendant had punctually paid his rent up to the year ending June 1828, and also the sum of £4 2s 8d towards the rent of the year 1829, at which time he stopped payment, without assigning any reason for so doing; in consequence of which a servant of the plaintiff's waited on the defendant in June last, presented him with a bill for the arrears of rent, and received a promise of payment from him, but which promise he had never fulfilled, which was the occasion of the present action.

For the defense, Mr. Wentworth, without calling witnesses, in his address to the Court, stated that the defendant would not have resisted the payment of the rent if he could have discovered for what he was paying such, having frequently applied to Mr Campbell for the boundaries of his farm, but without being able to obtain them. In consequence of which, had the defendant been disposed to impound any cattle, he could not have done so without making himself liable to an action at law for a trespass. Another important fact was, that the defendant carried on a trade in supplying the shipping in the harbour with ballast, by the consent of the plaintiff; and yet although the farm ought to have been held sacred to the lessee, and which in fact the lessor was bound to secure to his tenant, a person of the name of Cunningham was in the habit of taking away quantities of soil for ballast, under the sanction of an order from the Colonial Secretary. In the absence of any proof of the title under which the plaintiff held the land, the defendant who was granted a very large portion of land from Sir Thomas Brisbane, had taken up a part of that grant adjoining the farm in question, but did not know how far he might have advanced for want of the proper boundary, and which the plaintiff also appears not to know. Mr. Wentworth contended, that by the evidence of the plaintiff’s son, it appeared that a formal instrument had been executed by the parties, binding them, under their hands and seals, to certain performances of a contract for a specified term of years, and that the present action of assumpsit for use and occupation, could not lie, but that an action of debt would have been the proper cause to pursue.

The learned Judge over-ruled the objection taken by Mr. Wentworth, as he was advised, that the second document was not formally drawn, but was merely a memorandum between the parties, and put the case to the Assessors on the merits, who immediately returned a verdict for plaintiff. Damages - £25 17s 4d.^[16]

Dispute over 100 acres at Pennant Hills

In 1820 James Milson owned, and was living on, a land grant of 100 acres at Pennant Hills.^[6] This was not enough land for his needs and he began making attempts to increase the land available to him for farming purposes. First in 1820 he requested a second land grant from Governor Macquarie,^[6] and second in 1821 he made arrangements with Robert Campbell to lease 120 acres of undeveloped land at Kirribilli.^[16]

Milson's request for a second land grant from Governor Macquarie was successful, and after May 1821 Milson was granted a second 100 acres at Pennant Hills. James Milson applied to the Surveyor General John Oxley (1783–1828) and on 15 September 1821 received an order of possession for 100 acres^[47] that had been part of John Macarthur's Cornish Hills Farm and that John Macarthur had surrendered to the Crown in May 1821 as part of a deal to give Macarthur more land at Camden.^[67] This second 100 acres at Pennant Hills then became the subject of a dispute between James Milson and James Shepherd.

Sir Thomas Brisbane became Governor of New South Wales on 1 December 1821. In an undated memorial sometime after 1 December 1821 and before 8 November 1822, James Milson dictated a letter to Governor Sir Thomas Brisbane giving his side of the land dispute. This memorial is signed "James Milson", in the same hand that wrote the memorial, on James Milson's behalf. Milson then took possession of the 100 acres, began to clear the land by "felling some timber"a postavena "the frame of a small dwelling". Another man, James Shepherd of Kissing Point (an area between Ryde and the Parramatta River) also received an order for a grant of 100 acres from Governor Maquarie, and order which Milson maintained (incorrectly) did not state where the land was located. James Shephard then came upon the 100 acres for which James Milson had a possession order and began felling timber. James Shepherd was claiming a right of possession of this land. Milson next mentions that this 100 acres was part of the land given up by John Macarthur to the Government. He then claims that John Macarthur had "begged that the piece of land alluded to if located to anyone might be given to" James Milson. Milson then asked for Governor Brisbane to redress this grievance and to confirm Milson's order of possession from Mr Oxley.^[47]

The order of possession that Milson had from the hand of John Oxley said:

The farm originally granted to Cover of 100 acres situated at Pennant Hills, District of Field of Mars, having been surrendered to the Crown; James Milsom, being entitled to receive one hundred acres under an order of his Excellency the Governor, is hereby authorised to take possession of the same subject to the future confirmation of this authorisation by His Excellency the Governor. (signed) J Oxley, Surveyor General by (illegible) 15 Sep 1821^[47]

On 8 November 1822, James Shepherd dictated a memorial to Governor Sir Thomas Brisbane giving his side of the land dispute. This memorial is signed "James Shepherd", in the same hand that wrote the memorial, on James Milson's behalf, and in a different hand to earlier memorials of James Shepherd. James Shepherd stated that, after his name was inserted on a list of applicants to receive grants of 100 acres of land, that after learning from John Macarthur that he had relinquished a farm in the District of Dundas^{[pozn. 7]} adjoining a farm that James Shepherd already owned, that Shepherd memorialised Governor Maquarie respecting this land. (The memorial to which he referred was dated 6 August 1821 and referred to the 100 acres that had originally been granted to James Cover.) to which he received the following answer:

The Governor has received Mr James Shepherd's Memorial of date 6th instant and in reply thereto had now to inform him that in compliance with his request the Surveyor General will be instructed to locate and mark out for him the one hundred acres of land lately relinquished by Mr McArthur to Government in the district of Dundas in lieu of the 100 acres for which Mr Shepherds name was some time since inserted in the list of applicants for land. Sydney. 30 Aug 1821

James Shepherd then mentions that Milson approached Oxley after this date requesting the same land, and Oxley not knowing that the land had already been granted to Shepherd promised it to Milson. As a result Milson took possession and felled about one acre of timber.^[68]

James Shepherd next states that he then approached Oxley showing Oxley the order that he had from the Governor, and that Oxley then directed Milson to choose land in some other place. (This is something that Milson did not mention in his memorial.) As a result of Mr Oxley's orders to Milson, James Shepherd then took possession of the land and be way of improvement began to fell timber.^[68]

From both Milson's and Shepherd's memorials we learn both men had come upon the 100 acres and begun to clear it by felling timber, and that they had done this that independently, and initially without the knowledge of the other. To bylo možné, protože žádný muž nežil v této zemi. James Shepherd, který také vlastnil 100 akrů vedle této země (na kterém běžel rohatý dobytek), bydlel v Kissing Point. James Milson pracoval na svých dalších 100 akrech v Pennant Hills a pracoval v Kirribilli, kde vylepšoval pronajatou půdu, aby vytvořil to, co by se stalo jeho mlékárnou a sadem, a žil mezi nimi.

James Shepherd pokračuje ve svém památníku tím, že dále požádal guvernéra Brisbane o clearingovou párty, aby mu pomohl vyčistit zemi. Odpověď, kterou Shepherd dostal, byla „že James Milsom své Excelence prohlásil, že měl předchozí nárok.“ Shepherd pak nejpokorněji prosí guvernéra, aby provedl šetření nebo vyšetřování, které jako takové prokáže, že Shepherd má „právo přednosti“. Shepherd také žádá, aby se Givernor dotazoval na pana Meehana, zástupce inspektora, kterého konzultoval guvernér Macquarie, než mu dal Shepherdovi odpověď, která mu poskytla 100 akrů. Shepherd tehdy uvedl, že guvernér Brisbane má nejvyšší smysl pro spravedlnost a nestrannost "důvěra"je to „nedorozumění bude odstraněno“.^[68]

Na zadní stranu památníku Jamese Shepherda bylo načmáráno několik poznámek, které uváděly, že guvernér rozhodl, že o tomto sporu by měli rozhodovat 2 rozhodci, z nichž každý bude vybrán dvěma žalobci.^[68] Výsledkem je, že 10. února 1823 byl James Milson i James Shepherd napsán koloniálním tajemníkem Frederick Goulburn jménem guvernéra Brisbane s pokyny pro arbitráž na základě načmáraných poznámek.^[69] Oba muži jednali rychle, aby jmenovali rozhodce, protože 20. února 1823 měl Shepherd dopis panu Goulburnovi, v němž si stěžoval na Milsonovu volbu arbitra. Milson si vybral svého arbitra Johna Macarthura. Shepherd s touto volbou nesouhlasil ze 2 důvodů. Jeden, který by se kvůli Macarthurově chorobě řízení zpozdilo. Dva, že John Macarthur by nebyl nestranný, protože John Macarthur se pokusil obstarat farmu pro Jamese Milsona.^[48]

Bohužel v dokumentech koloniálního sekretáře není nic, co by zaznamenávalo výsledek arbitráže.

Ostatní statky

V listopadu 1828 sčítání lidu New South Wales Milson je zaznamenán jako žijící na Hunters Hill, pak název pro oblast Kirribilli. On je také zaznamenán jako držení 1600 akrů (646 ha) půdy v kolonii Nového Jižního Walesu, z nichž 150 akrů (60 ha) bylo vyčištěno. Jeho deklarovaným chovem hospodářských zvířat byly 4 koně a 220 rohatého skotu.

Již dříve bylo v tomto článku uvedeno, že James Milson vlastnil 100 akrů v Pennant Hills (Památník 1820^[6]) a 50 akrů na severu Sydney (poblíž Kirribilli), které získal v srpnu 1824. Australský slovník biografie uvádí, že Milson ve své závěti podepsané v červenci 1829 uvádí pozemek o rozloze 89 akrů (220 ha) na Castle Hill (tj. Pennant Hills) , a zahrnuje 100 akrů památníku z roku 1820), 50 akrů (20 ha) udělených guvernérem sirem Thomasem Brisbaneem na North Shore, 640 akrů (259 ha) na Wallumbie (Wollombi) a 5 akrů (2 ha) na Neutrální přístav (záliv)^[2] celkem ne 1600, ale 915 akrů. Tento seznam však ukazuje, že Milson zlikvidoval některé ze svých pozemků a likvidace mohla probíhat v období od listopadu 1828 do července 1829.

V roce 1824 je nedatovaný památník guvernéra Brisbaneho o udělení půdy, která mu byla slíbena. Tento převážně nečitelný dokument uvádí, že místo, kde mu bylo řečeno, aby vybral pozemek (Australský slovník biografie to označuje jako 300 akrů v Pennant Hills^[2]) již neměl žádnou nepřidělenou půdu. Milson místo toho požádal o půdu „nějakou nepřidělenou půdu v ​​čele Pitt Water na farmě pana Wentwortha“. Není známo, na kolik akrů tento grant činil, nebo zda byla vyhověna žádost o umístění půdy Pitt Water.^[70] Australský slovník biografie uvádí, že Milson místo toho hledal 50 akrů na severním pobřeží (které mu bylo uděleno v srpnu 1824) a 300 akrů dále do vnitrozemí.^[2] 50 akrů na severním pobřeží sousedících se 120 akry, než bylo pronajato od Roberta Campbella, se zdá být poskytnutým grantem místo pozemků v Pittwateru (Mona Vale). Pokud Milson také obdržel další půdu dále do vnitrozemí, zlikvidoval ji před červencem 1829, protože nebyla uvedena v jeho závěti.

V pozdějším nedatovaném památníku z roku 1824 zaslaném Fredericku Goulburnovi, koloniálnímu tajemníkovi, Milson požaduje lístek na obsazení půdy hraničící s Narrabeenskými jezery, kam si přeje umístit svůj rohatý dobytek.^[71] Tento převážně nečitelný dokument uvádí, že James Milson má 100 kusů rohatého skotu. Hraničí s touto zemí „(na východ nebo na západ) vedle (nečitelné), (nečitelné) strany (nečitelné) laguny zvané Narrow Byne a (na sever nebo na jih) (nečitelná slova)? Amsonova farma.“ Okupní lístek byl udělen 28. prosince 1824, kdy Milson obdržel dopis od Fredericka Goulburna ohledně památníku, který Milson předložil.^[72] Není známo, kolik akrů byla tato země. Milson zlikvidoval tuto zemi před červencem 1829, protože nebyla uvedena v jeho závěti.

V roce 1825 bylo Jamesovi Milsonovi dovoleno koupit 1000 akrů korunní půdy. Dne 3. května 1825 se jeho jméno objevuje na seznamu osob, které obdržely zatykače na nákup korunních pozemků, v němž se uvádí, že již zaplatil za 1000 akrů.^[53] Tato země byla u Wollombi a Milson zlikvidoval část této země před červencem 1829, protože v jeho závěti je uvedeno pouze 640 akrů.

Dne 18. června 1825 předložil Milson další památník požadující přistání v Lane Cove. Zajímavostí tohoto památníku bylo, že i když ho pro něj připravil jiný, podepsal ho James Milson. Je podepsán jako „J W Milson“. V tomto památníku Milson uvedl, že byl v kolonii 19 let, že se dostal na svobodu (to znamená, že nedorazil jako trestanec) a má manželku a šest dětí. Rovněž uvádí, že vybudoval stádo 120 kusů skotu. Má prostředky na zdokonalení a kultivaci jiné farmy, pokud je to poskytnuto, s nimiž bude schopen lépe zajistit svou velkou rodinu. Požádal o grant v Lane Cove poblíž pana Wolstoncrofta a jihozápadně od Higginsovy farmy.^[73] Tato žádost o další půdu byla úspěšná a získal 250 akrů. S ohledem na těchto 250 hektarů se jeho jméno objevuje na seznamu osob, které obdržely objednávky na udělení půdy ze dne 25. srpna 1825^[74] & na seznamu pozemků udělených a vyhrazených sirem Thomasem Brisbaneem ze dne 17. září 1825.^[75] Milson zlikvidoval tuto zemi před červencem 1829, protože nebyla uvedena v jeho závěti.

Australský slovník biografie uvádí, že „V roce 1832 postavil na severním pobřeží rezervoár pro zalévání lodí. V pozdějších letech získal více půdy a byl horlivým jachtařem.“^[2] Zaznamenává se do Sydney Monitor ze dne 2. prosince 1835, že koupil dalších 50 akrů korunní půdy ve Wollombi.

Veřejná odpověď na obvinění z útoku

V říjnu 1825 byl James Milson předveden před soud a obviněn z násilného útoku na Jamese Murphyho, jednoho z jeho přidělených zaměstnanců:

Sydney Gazette, 3. listopadu 1825

POLICEJNÍ ZPRÁVA.

PONDĚLÍ ŘÍJNA 24.

Dnes, korunní zajatec jménem James Murphy, vládní úředník pana Milsoma,[sic] upřednostňoval stížnost na svého pána za to, že s ním bil, modřiny a jinak špatně zacházel; známky, jejichž násilí bylo na jeho osobě velmi viditelné, a Bench to považuje nejen za porušení vládních nařízení, která se vztahují na ochranu služebníků koruny, ale také za pobouření lidstva, nařídili pánovi, aby je odhodlán zahájit svůj soudní proces na čtvrtletních zasedáních; kauci, byl však přijat za jeho vystoupení, a stěžovatel byl poslán do kasáren, dokud nebudou vyžadovány jeho důkazy.^[76]

Podle dopisu Jamese Murphyho byl případ také uveden v dřívějším vydání „Sydney Gazette“ ze dne 18. října 1825.^{[pozn. 8]} V důsledku tohoto veřejně hlášeného obvinění z útoku nechal James Milson zaslat redaktorovi časopisu Sydney Gazette dopis, ve kterém uvedl svou stránku příběhu. Modřiny, které soudci označili za „pobouření pro lidstvo“, Milson podcenil jako úder do tváře.

Tento dopis odhaluje vlastními slovy Jamese Milsona podrobnosti o jeho farmářských a obchodních jednáních:

• Milson pásl dobytek poblíž Castle Hill. To souhlasí s památníkem guvernéra Macquarie z roku 1820, který uvádí, že poté měl farmu o rozloze 100 akrů v Pennant Hills (na Marsu);^[6]
• Milson měl mléčný (mléčný) dobytek v okrese Sydney (který zahrnoval severní pobřeží Port Jackson);
• Milson měl loď, ze které denně dodával mléko pro přepravu v Port Jackson;
• Milson za posledních 15 let (1810–1825) zaměstnával 2 až 4 přidělené odsouzené zaměstnance;^{[pozn. 9]}
• Milson měl v období před rokem 1825 hlavně bydliště v okrese Parramatta (jehož součástí je Marsovo pole);
• Milson tehdy žil na severním pobřeží Port Jackson naproti Sydney.

Sydney Gazette, 3. listopadu 1825

EDITOROVI SYDNEY GAZETTE.

North Shore, 30. října 1825.

SIR, - ve svém věstníku, který se koná ve čtvrtek, 18. Okamžik, určitý článek, pod hlavičkou policejní zprávy, v Sydney, s respektem k tomu, že pan JAMES MILSOM byl předveden na základě obvinění svého přiděleného služebníka Jamese Murphyho za spáchání násilný útok na jeho osobu; a protože nějaká zlovolná osoba vám falešně uvedla Zprávu, spravedlivě k sobě a k charakteru a že veřejnost nesmí být svedena z cesty, žádám vás, abych uvedl podrobnosti případu a požádal vás, abyste je vložili do váš papír: ---
James Murphy přišel k mým službám v červenci 1823 a byl přidělen k tomu, aby se postaral o mé zásoby rohatého dobytka. Během této doby, co byl zaměstnán, jsem zaplatil držiteli libry Castle-Hill, za zásoby zabavené jeho zanedbáním, částku 3 18 s 8 d. Povolil jsem mu příděl týdně 4 libry soleného vepřového masa a pšenici, kromě £ 10 ročně. Pak jsem ho zaměstnal na lodi, abych denně zásoboval mlékem mléko, ale zjistil jsem, že tuto povinnost zanedbával, opil se a utratil velkou část peněz; na jeho vyjádření kajícnosti za to samé mu 1 odpustil. Poté jsem ho zaměstnal, aby mi vadilo dvanáct mléčných krav, jejichž povinnost zanedbával, a nechal je bloudit. Ztratil čtyři hlavy a já jsem si přál, aby šel za nimi; šel na pár hodin a pak se vrátil s tím, že je nemůže najít. Řekl jsem mu, že je musí najít. Znovu šel a vrátil se asi za půl hodiny s tím, že za nimi nemůže jít, protože nemá boty. Jen před šesti týdny jsem mu dodal nové boty. Řekl jsem mu, aby šel za nimi, on řekl, že to neudělá, a odvážil se, abych ho vytvořil, a použil ke mně ten nejvíce provokativní jazyk, když jsem ho v zápalu vášně udeřil rukou do obličeje, když běžel pryč a zavolal vraždu. Poslední pondělí ráno jsem přišel podat stížnost k policejnímu soudci a našel jsem tam Murphyho. Murphy v době, kdy pracoval v mých službách, čerpal částku 20 £ 16s l0d v hotovosti a nezbytné věci. Ztratil úplně dvě krávy, za což nemůže odpovídat. Za posledních patnáct let jsem měl ve zvyku udržovat dva až čtyři vládní zaměstnance a mohu se odvolat k soudcům v Parramattě, kde jsem převážně pobýval, ať už jim byla někdy vystavena nějaká stížnost na špatné zacházení, které mám použity k nim; a v den soudu před Quarter Sessions v Sydney předloží takové úctyhodné důkazy, které ospravedlní mou postavu, ad ji očistí od aspirace, o kterou se pokusí vložit ve zprávě obsažené ve vašem věstníku.

Mám tu čest být, pane,

tvůj nejposlušnější sluha,

JAMES MILSOM^[5]

James Milson Jnr (1814–1903) a Royal Yacht Squadron, Kirribilli

James Milson Snr byl zemědělec a jeho obchodní zájmy byly spojeny s půdou a její produkcí. Jeho syn James Milson Jnr pracoval v obchodním učení a stal se obchodníkem zabývajícím se dovozem a vývozem. Získal široké znalosti o lodní dopravě.^[2][35]

V roce 1845 James Milson mladší investoval do společnosti, která vlastnila kolesový parník, „Fairy Queen“. V 60. letech 20. století se James Milson Jnr také stal ředitelem australské Steam Navigation Co. V září 1863 byl James Milson Jnr jedním ze zakladatelů společnosti Milson's Point Ferry Co., která zahájila pravidelnou dopravu mezi Milsons Point a Circular Quay. Milson's Point Ferry Co byl prodán v březnu 1878, aby se stal North Sydney Ferry Co, a který se později spojil, aby se stal Sydney Ferries Limited.^[2][35]

Se stejným názvem některé zdroje zaměňují podrobnosti mezi otcem a synem a připisují Jamesovi Milsonovi Snrovi některé z aktivit Jamese Milsona ml. Patří sem Historická společnost v North Sydney, kde se uvádí, že James Milson Snr byl Milson, který spoluzaložil trajektovou dopravu.^[7] To však nesouhlasí s podrobnostmi v nekrologu Jamese Milsona ml.^[35] Jamesi Milsonovi Snrovi se také často připisuje, že byl vášnivým jachtařem a aktivní v místní politice,^{[1][2][7][23]} oba atributy Jamese Milsona Jrr, ne Jamese Milsona Snr.^[35]

James Milson Jnr byl prominentní osobností jachtařů od počátku 30. let 20. století. Jeho nekrolog uvádí, že ho lze popsat jako „doyena“ australského jachtingu.^[35]

James Milson Jnr popsal regaty již od roku 1834, kdy byly závody mezi lodními čluny opatřeny dočasnými kýly. V roce 1836 bylo v Port Jacksonu (přístav Sydney) nad vodou několik malých jachet a neformální sdružení jachtařů, včetně Jamese Milsona Jnr, prvního přístupu k jachtařskému klubu v Austrálii.^[35]

První jachta Jamese Milsona Jnr byla „Sophia“ pojmenovaná po jeho starší sestře. Závodil s vozem „Sophia“ na Regattě 1. výročí neformálního sdružení v roce 1837. V roce 1841 vyhrával závody na své druhé jachtě „Friendship“, slavné 12tunové paluby, postavené speciálně pro něj panem Georgem Greenem z Lavender. Záliv. V roce 1855 se James Milson Jnr vrátil z Anglie s „Mischief“, 11tunovým řezačem, první anglickou jachtou v Port Jackson, která vyhrála mnoho závodů, do kterých byla přihlášena. V roce 1859 postavil „éru“, která vyšla v rámci z Anglie.^[35] Tato 25tunová jachta byla v 60. letech 18. století jedním z nejznámějších plavidel v Sydney.^[2]

V letech 1856-57 byl vytvořen první formální jachtařský klub v Austrálii, „Yacht Club v Sydney“, kde byl komodorem pan Hutchinson Brown, policejní soudce, a jedním z členů James Milson Jnr. Poté dne 8. července 1862 byl založen „The Australian Yacht Club“, když se devatenáct jachtařů, včetně Jamese Milsona mladšího, setkalo v kanceláři The Hon William Walker MLC, který se stal prvním Commodore. James Milson Jnr se ujal vedoucí úlohy při formování sdružení a byl prvním místodržitelem. Bylo hledáno královské patronát. Dne 27. června 1863 byl obdržen dopis z Anglie s oznámením ochoty Prine of Wales být patronem a označující klub jako „Royal Sydney Yacht Squadron V roce 1863 byl James Milson Jnr jmenován Commodore.^[2][35]

Royal Sydney Yacht Squadron poprvé začala pronajímat nemovitost jako svoji základnu v roce 1902, kdy obsahovala nájem nemovitosti ve Wudyong Point na východní straně Kirribilli Point. Wudyong Point je na 120 akrech, které si James Milson Snr původně pronajal od Roberta Campbella. Místo bylo formálně obsazeno Royal Yacht Squadron dne 24. ledna 1903, pouhých 12 dní po smrti Jamese Milsona Jnr dne 12. ledna 1903.^[35]

(Elizabeth Warne se v této části nepoužívá jako reference jako podrobnosti ve své knize^[1] jsou nesprávné.)

Pohřbení

Jak James Milson Snr (1783–1872), tak James Milson Jnr (1814–1903) jsou pohřbeni v St Thomas 'Rest Park, West Street, Cammeray^[1] jen 3,5 km do vnitrozemí od Milsons Point.

Poznámky

Reference