Pyraustinae - Pyraustinae
| Pyraustinae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Malá straka, Eurrhypara hortulata | |
Vědecká klasifikace  | |
| Království: | Animalia |
| Kmen: | Arthropoda |
| Třída: | Insecta |
| Objednat: | Lepidoptera |
| Rodina: | Crambidae |
| Podčeleď: | Pyraustinae Meyrick, 1890 |
| Rody | |
Viz text | |
Pyraustinae je velký podčeleď z lepidopteran rodina Crambidae, crambid čenich můry. V současné době zahrnuje více než 1400 druh Většina z nich byla tropická, ale některé se vyskytovaly v mírných oblastech, včetně Severní Ameriky a Evropy.
Pyraustiny původně zahrnovaly Spilomelinae; současná skupina byla v té době považována za a kmen Pyraustini. Dosud nebylo zcela stanoveno, které taxony Pyraustinae sensu lato patří k Pyraustinae, jak je v současné době chápáno; počet druhů v této podčeledi se tedy bude zvyšovat (i když Spilomelinae jsou větší skupinou starých Pyraustinae).
Taxonomists ' názory na správné umístění Crambidae, některé úřady s nimi zacházejí jako s podčeledí (Crambinae) rodiny Pyralidae. Pokud je to provedeno, Pyraustinae se obvykle považuje za samostatnou podčeledi v rámci Pyralidae.
Pyraustinae se vyznačují atrofií spinula a venulae v tympanální orgány; Šíp fornix tympani; podélná drážka s androconial váhy na muže mezotorický holenní kosti; často spinosa antrum; a sella (středově řízená spona na vnitřní straně ventily ) a editum s upravenými štítek na mužských valvách.
Mnoho druhů má larvy které vrhaly do stonků a plodů rostlin a několik, zejména z rod Ostrinia, jsou vážně zemědělští škůdci.
Životní cyklus
- Životní cyklus Saucrobotys futilalis
Larvy na webu
Larva
Larva, poslední instar
Prepupa stavební kokon
Pupa
Dospělý
Taxonomie Pyraustinae
- Acellalis Pagenstecher, 1884
- Achyra Guenée, 1849 (= Achiria Sherborn, 1932, Achyria Sherborn, 1932, Dosara Walker, 1859, Eurycreon Lederer, 1863, Tritaea Meyrick, 1884)
- Acropentias Meyrick, 1890
- Adoxoboty Munroe, 1978
- Aeolosma Meyrick, 1938
- Aglaops Warren, 1892 (= Xanthopsamma Munroe & Mutuura, 1968)
- Ametrea Munroe, 1964
- Anamalaia Munroe & Mutuura, 1969
- Anania Hübner, 1823 (= Algedonia Lederer, 1863, Mutuuraia Munroe, 1976, Nealgedonia Munroe, 1976, Ametasia M. O. Martin, 1986, Ebulea Doubleday, 1849, Ennychia Treitschke, 1828, Ennichia Duponchel, 1833, Ethiobotys Maes, 1997, Eurrhypara Hübner, 1825, Palpita Hübner, 1806, Proteurrhypara Munroe & Mutuura, 1969, Opsibotys Warren, 1890, Perinefela Hübner, 1825, Perinefel Hübner, 1826, Perinefila Hampson, 1897, Phlyctaenia Hübner, 1825, Polyctaenia Hübner, 1826, Pronomis Munroe & Mutuura, 1968, Tenerobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1971, Trichovalva Amsel, 1956, Udonomeiga Mutuura, 1954)
- Ancyloptila Meyrick, 1889
- Aplectropus Hampson in Walsingham & Hampson, 1896
- Aponia Munroe, 1964
- Arenochroa Munroe, 1976
- Arunamalaia Rose a Kirti, 1987
- Asphadastis Meyrick, 1934
- Atomoclostis Meyrick, 1934
- Aulacoptera Hampson, 1896 (= Aulacophora Swinhoe, 1895; zaujatý Aulacophora Dejean, 1835)
- Aurorobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1971
- Authaeretis Meyrick, 1886 (= Anthaeretis Carus, 1887)
- Auxolophotis Meyrick, 1933
- Betousa Walker, 1865 (= Neothyris Warren, 1899)
- Burathema Walker, 1863
- Calamochrous Lederer, 1863 (= Calamochrosta Lederer, 1863)
- Callibotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1969
- Capparidia Dumont, 1931
- Carminibotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1971
- Catapsephis Hampson, 1899
- Ceuthobotys Munroe, 1978
- Charitoprepes Warren, 1896
- Cheloterma Meyrick, 1933
- Chilochroma Amsel, 1956
- Chilocorsia Munroe, 1964
- Chilopionea Munroe, 1964
- Chobera Moore, 1888
- Circobotys Butler, 1879
- Clatrodes Marion & Viette, 1953
- Coelobathra Turner, 1908
- Coptobasoides Janse, 1935
- Crocidophora Lederer, 1863 (= Crocidosema Lederer, 1863, Monocrocis Warren, 1895)
- Crypsiptya Meyrick, 1894 (= Coclebotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1969)
- Kryptosara E. L. Martin, 1956
- Cybalobotys Maes, 2001
- Cyclarcha Swinhoe, 1894
- Daulia Walker, 1859 (= Girtexta Swinhoe, 1890)
- Daunabotys Maes, 2004
- Decelia Snellen, 1880
- Deltobotys Munroe, 1964
- Demoboty Munroe & Mutuura, 1969
- Deuterophysa Warren, 1889 (= Gonopionea Hampson, 1913)
- Discothyris Warren, 1895
- Drachma Bryk, 1913
- Ecpyrrhorrhoe Hübner, 1825 (= Ecpyrrhorrhoa J. L. R. Agassiz, 1846, Ecpyrrhorea Hübner, 1826, Harpadispar Agenjo, 1952, Pyraustegia Marion, 1963, Yezobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1969)
- Elosita Snellen, 1899
- Emphylica Turner, 1913
- Endographis Meyrick, 1894
- Endotrichella Collins, 1962 (= Endotrichodes Hampson, 1919)
- Ennomosia Amsel, 1956
- Enyocera Snellen, 1880
- Epicorsia Hübner, 1818 (= Episcorsia Hübner, 1826)
- Epiecia Walker, 1866
- Epiparbattie Caradja, 1925
- Eporidia Walker, 1859 (= Eporedia Walker, 1859)
- Eretmopteryx Saalmüller, 1884
- Erinothus Hampson, 1899
- Euclasta Lederer, 1855 (= Ilurgie Walker, 1859, Proteuclasta Munroe, 1958)
- Eumaragma Meyrick, 1933
- Eumorphobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1969
- Euphyciodes Marion, 1954
- Eustenia Snellen, 1899
- Exeristis Meyrick, 1886
- Fumibotys Munroe, 1976
- Furcivena Hampson, 1896
- Glaucoda Karsch, 1900
- Glyphidomarptis Meyrick, 1936
- Gnamptorhiza Warren, 1896
- Gynenomis Munroe & Mutuura, 1968
- Gyptitia Snellen, 1883
- Hahncappsia Munroe, 1976
- Helvibotys Munroe, 1976
- Heteroknefy Lederer, 1863
- Hutuna Whalley, 1962
- Hyalea Guenée, 1854
- Hyalobathra Meyrick, 1885 (= Leucocraspeda Warren, 1890)
- Hyalorista Warren, 1892 (= Pyraustopsis Amsel, 1956)
- Hymenie Hübner, 1825 (= Zinckenia Zeller, 1852)
- Hyperectis Meyrick, 1904
- Hyphercyna Sauber, 1899
- Idiusia Warren, 1896
- Ischnoscopa Meyrick, 1894
- Ismene Savigny, 1816
- Isocentris Meyrick, 1887
- Lampridia Snellen, 1880
- Lamprophaia Caradja, 1925
- Lepidoplaga Warren, 1895
- Leptosophista Meyrick, 1938
- Leucophotis Butler, 1886
- Limbobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1970
- Lirabotys J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007
- Lotanga Moore, 1886
- Loxoneptera Hampson, 1896
- Loxostege Hübner, 1825 (= Boreophila Duponchel, 1845, Cosmocreon Warren, 1892, Leimonia Hübner, 1825, Limonia J. L. R. Agassiz, 1847, Margaritia Stephens, 1827, Parasitochroa Hannemann, 1964, Maroa Barnes & McDunnough, 1914, Meridiophila Marion, 1963, Polingia Barnes & McDunnough, 1914)
- Lumenia de Joannis, 1929
- Mabra Moore, 1885 (= Streptobela Turner, 1937)
- Makrospektrody Warren, 1896
- Massepha Walker, 1859
- Megatarsody Marion, 1954
- Metaprotus Hampson, 1899
- Metasiody Meyrick, 1894
- Mimasarta Ragonot, 1894
- Mimetebulea Munroe & Mutuura, 1968
- Monocoptopera Hampson, 1899
- Monodonta Kenrick, 1907
- Munroeodes Amsel, 1957 (= Munroeia Amsel, 1954)
- Nacoleiopsis Matsumura, 1925
- Nagiella Munroe, 1976 (= Nagia Walker, 1866)
- Nankogobinda Rose & Singh-Kirti, 1986
- Nascie J. Curtis, 1835
- Neadeloidy Klima, 1939 (= Adeloides Warren, 1892)
- Neasarta Hampson, 1908
- Neoepicorsia Munroe, 1964
- Neohelvibotys Munroe, 1976
- Nephelobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1970
- Nephelolychnis Meyrick, 1933
- Nevrina Guenée, 1854 (= Neurina Moore, 1886)
- Niphostola Hampson, 1896
- Nomis Motschulsky, 1861
- Nymphulosis Amsel, 1959
- Oenobotys Munroe, 1976
- Oligocentris Hampson, 1896
- Oronomis Munroe & Mutuura, 1968
- Ostrinia Hübner, 1825 (= Eupolemarcha Meyrick, 1937, Micractis Warren, 1892, Zeafág Agenjo, 1952)
- Pagyda Walker, 1859
- Palepicorsia Maes, 1995
- Paliga Moore, 1886 (= Eutectona Wang & Sung, 1980)
- Palpusia Amsel, 1956
- Paracentristis Meyrick, 1934
- Paracorsia Marion, 1959
- Paranomis Munroe & Mutuura, 1968
- Paratalanta Meyrick, 1890 (= Microstega Meyrick, 1890)
- Parbattia Moore, 1888
- Paschiodes Hampson, 1913
- Patissodes Hampson, 1919
- Peribona Snellen, 1895 (= Radiorista Warren, 1896)
- Perispasta Zeller, 1875
- Piletosoma Hampson, 1899
- Pimelephila Tams, 1930
- Pioneabathra J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007
- Placosaris Meyrick, 1897 (= Xanthelectris Meyrick, 1938)
- Plantegumia Amsel, 1956
- Platytesis Hampson, 1919
- Pleonectoides Hampson, 1891
- Portentomorpha Amsel, 1956 (= Apoecety Munroe, 1956)
- Powysia Maes, 2006
- Preneopogon Warren, 1896
- Proconica Hampson, 1899
- Prodasycnemis Warren, 1892
- Prodelopany Meyrick, 1937
- Protepicorsia Munroe, 1964
- Protinopalpa Strand, 1911
- Prototyla Meyrick, 1933
- Psammotis Hübner, 1825 (= Lemia Duponchel, 1845, Lemody Guenée, 1854, Psamotis Hübner, 1825)
- Pseudebulea Butler, 1881
- Pseudepicorsia Munroe, 1964
- Pseudopagyda Slamka, 2013
- Pseudopolygramové režimy Munroe & Mutuura, 1969
- Pseudopyrausta Amsel, 1956
- Ptiladarcha Meyrick, 1933
- Pyralausta Hampson, 1913
- Pyrasie M. O. Martin, 1986
- Pyrausta Schrank, 1802 (= Aplographe Warren, 1892, Autokosmie Warren, 1892, Botys Latreille, 1802, Botis Swainson, [1821], Ostreophena Sodoffsky, 1837, Ostreophana Sodoffsky, 1837, Botis J. L. R. Agassiz, 1847, Heliaca Hübner, 1806, Cindaphia Lederer, 1863, Haematia Hübner, 1818, Heliaca Hübner, 1822, Heliaca Hübner, 1818, Heliaca Hübner, 1808, Herbula Guenée, 1854, Hyaloscia Dognin, 1908, Mardinie Amsel, 1952, Panstegie Hübner, 1825, Perilypa Hübner, 1825, Porfyritida Hübner, 1825, Proteroeca Meyrick, 1884, Pyrausta Hübner, 1825, Anthocrypta Warren, 1892, Pyraustes Billberg, 1820, Sciorista Warren, 1890, Ratan Rose & Pajni, 1979, Syllythria Hübner, 1825, Rhodaria Guenée, 1845, Synchromie Guenée, 1854, Tholeria Hübner, 1823, Trigonuncus Amsel, 1952)
- Pyraustimorpha Kocak & Seven, 1995
- Radessa Munroe, 1977
- Ravanoa Moore, 1885
- Rhectocraspeda Warren, 1892 (= Pilemia Möschler, 1882, Rapoona Hedemann, 1894, Rapona Schaus, 1940)
- Rhynchetria Klunder van Gijen, 1913
- Rodaba Moore, 1888
- Sarabotys Munroe, 1964
- Saucrobotys Munroe, 1976
- Sclerocona Meyrick, 1890
- Semniomima Warren, 1892
- Sericoplaga Warren, 1892
- Sinibotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1969
- Sisyracera Möschler, 1890 (= Araschnopsis Amsel, 1956)
- Sitochroa Hübner, 1825 (= Spilodes Guenée, 1849)
- Stenochora Warren, 1892
- Tabidia Snellen, 1880
- Tangla Swinhoe, 1900
- Tasenia Snellen, 1901
- Thivolleo Maes, 2006
- Thliptoceras Warren ve Swinhoe, 1890 (= Mimocomma Warren, 1895, Parudea Swinhoe, 1900, Polychorista Warren, 1896)
- Thysanodesma Butler, 1889
- Tipuliforma Kenrick, 1907
- Tirsa J. F. G. Clarke, 1971
- Togaboty Yamanaka, 1978
- Toxoboty Munroe & Mutuura, 1968
- Trichoceraea Sauber in Semper, 1902
- Trigamozeucta Meyrick, 1937
- Trithyris Lederer, 1863
- Triuncidia Munroe, 1976
- Uncobotyodes Kirti & Rose, 1990
- Uresiphita Hübner, 1825 (= Mecyna Guenée, 1854, Uresiphoeta J. L. R. Agassiz, 1847)
- Vittabotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1970
- Xanthomelaena Hampson, 1896 (= Xanthomelaina Swinhoe, 1904)
- Xanthostege Munroe, 1976
Nějaký Pyraloidea stále nejsou jednoznačně umístěni do konkrétního kmene nebo dokonce rodiny; mezi těmito, Tanaobela například je někdy přiřazen Pyraustinae.
Bývalí rody
- Aediodina Strand, 1919
- Cavifrons Zeller, 1872
- Kryptografie Lederer, 1863
- Haplochytis Meyrick, 1933
- Orocala Walker, 1866
- Protinopalpella Strand, 1911
Viz také
externí odkazy
- McLeod, Robin (19. března 2016). "Podčeleď Pyraustinae". BugGuide.Net. Citováno 13. dubna 2018.